The tower is 330 metres (1,083 ft) tall, about the same height as an 81-storey building, and the tallest structure in Paris. It was designated a monument historique in 1964, and was named part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site ("Paris, Banks of the Seine") in 1991. The Eiffel Tower is the most visited monument with an entrance fee in the world 6.91 million people ascended it in 2015. Although initially criticised by some of France's leading artists and intellectuals for its design, it has since become a global cultural icon of France and one of the most recognisable structures in the world. Locally nicknamed " La dame de fer" (French for "Iron Lady"), it was constructed from 1887 to 1889 as the centerpiece of the 1889 World's Fair. It is named after the engineer Gustave Eiffel, whose company designed and built the tower. The Eiffel Tower ( / ˈ aɪ f əl/ EYE-fəl French: tour Eiffel ( listen)) is a wrought-iron lattice tower on the Champ de Mars in Paris, France. Archived from the original on 22 April 2016. Société d'Exploitation de la Tour Eiffel (SETE) In 1911, for instance, the German physicist Theodor Wulf used an electrometer to detect higher levels of radiation at its top than at its base, observing the effects of what are now called cosmic rays. Over the years, the Eiffel Tower has been the site of numerous high-profile stunts, ceremonial events and even scientific experiments. Also during the German occupation of Paris, French resistance fighters famously cut the Eiffel Tower’s elevator cables so that the Nazis had to climb the stairs. It escaped destruction a second time during World War II: Hitler initially ordered the demolition of the city’s most cherished symbol, but the command was never carried out. Several years later, during World War I, the Eiffel Tower intercepted enemy radio communications, relayed zeppelin alerts and was used to dispatch emergency troop reinforcements. City officials opted to save it after recognizing its value as a radiotelegraph station.
Originally intended as a temporary exhibit, the Eiffel Tower was almost torn down and scrapped in 1909. The Eiffel Tower Becomes a Permanent Feature of the Paris Skyline Several years earlier, the pair had collaborated on the Statue of Liberty’s metal armature.
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While Eiffel himself often receives full credit for the monument that bears his name, it was one of his employees-a structural engineer named Maurice Koechlin-who came up with and fine-tuned the concept. The commission was granted to Eiffel et Compagnie, a consulting and construction firm owned by the acclaimed bridge builder, architect and metals expert Alexandre-Gustave Eiffel. More than 100 artists submitted competing plans for a monument to be built on the Champ-de-Mars, located in central Paris, and serve as the exposition’s entrance. In 1889, Paris hosted an Exposition Universelle (World’s Fair) to mark the 100-year anniversary of the French Revolution. Today, the Eiffel Tower, which continues to serve an important role in television and radio broadcasts, is considered an architectural wonder and attracts more visitors than any other paid tourist attraction in the world. When Gustave Eiffel’s company built Paris’ most recognizable monument for the 1889 World’s Fair, many regarded the massive iron structure with skepticism. The Eiffel Tower Becomes a Permanent Feature of the Paris Skyline.Designing and Building the Eiffel Tower.
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